Canine Well-Being
Essential Health Tips for Dog Owners
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Puppy-specific
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Adult-specific
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Senior-specific
Disclaimer: While our site offers valuable health tips for dog owners, it is crucial to consult your veterinarian for personalized advice tailored to your pup's unique needs. The information provided here is intended for general knowledge and should not substitute professional veterinary guidance.
General
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To keep your pup healthy, you should follow the AAHA-AVMA canine preventive healthcare guidelines:
Annual vet exams (depending on the individual needs of your dog more frequent visits might be needed)
Oral examinations during the vet exam
Annual heartworm testing
Annual internal parasite testing
if needed: early disease screening test, genetic screening tests, other diagnostic tests
Year-round broad-spectrum parasite control with efficacy against heartworms, intestinal parasites, and fleas
Vaccinations (Rabies, Canine distemper, Canine parvovirus, Canine adenovirus-2)
Microchipping
Spaying / Neutering
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Vaccinations
Vaccinate appropriately, based on your dog’s lifestyle and environment
Core Vaccines:
Rabies
Distemper
Adenovirus
Parvovirus
+/- Parainfluenza
Vaccines based on a dog’s lifestyle and risk:
Leptospira
Lyme disease
Bordetella
Canine influenza
Rattlesnake toxoid
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Preventive Care
Use veterinary-recommended flea-, tick-, and intestinal parasite-preventive medications.
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Maintaining a dog's dental health is crucial for their overall well-being.
Daily brushing with dog-specific toothbrush and toothpaste is the most effective method for keeping a dog's teeth healthy between dental cleanings.
Brushing several times a week is also effective if daily brushing is not feasible. You can find a guidance in our Members area.
Using dog dental wipes every 2-3 days can help remove plaque from the outside of the teeth.
Regular vet check-ups, at least once a year, are recommended for assessing a dog's teeth and gums.
Dogs should be taken to the vet sooner if they exhibit signs like bad breath, broken teeth, discolored tartar-covered teeth, unusual chewing or drooling, or mouth pain, bleeding, or swelling.
Dog dental treats can be a palatable and effective alternative to toothbrushing.
Dental treats approved by the Veterinary Oral Health Council (VOHC) can help maintain a dog's oral health.
The VOHC recognizes dental treats in two major categories:
Rawhide chew treats (e.g. Purina Veterinary Diets Dental Chews) and
Edible treats (e.g. GREENIES Regular Natural Dog Dental Care Chews)
Some dog foods are specially formulated to support dental health, with dry kibble being generally better than canned food.
Hard treats that could damage a dog's teeth, such as antlers or synthetic/natural bones, should be avoided, according to the American Animal Hospital Association guidelines.
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Puppy-specific Health Tips
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Core & noncore vaccines finishing at 16-20 wk
Antibody titer testing to determine protection from infection from CDV, CPV, and CAV2
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Start deworming (age: 2 wk)
Start heartworm preventive (age: usually by 8 wks)
Start on flea and tick control (age: usually 6-8 wks)
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When should I spay / neuter my dog:
neuter
small breeds (<45 lbs projected adult body weight): 6 months
large breeds (>45 lbs project adult body weight): 9 - 15 months (after growth stops)
spay
small breeds (<45 lbs projected adult body weight): 5 - 6 months (prior to first heat)
large breeds (>45 lbs project adult body weight): to be discussed with your vet; depending on your dog’s disease risk and lifestyle, ~5 - 15 months
Benefits:
limits pet overpopulation
drastically reduces risk of mammary cancer
eliminates risk of testicular cancer
prevents heat cycles, including yowling, crying, erratic behavior, and bloody vaginal discharge
reduces roaming to find a mate, marking inside home, fighting with other males
(Source)
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Puppies and young adults are more curious and explore; to keep them safe in their environment, the following actions are recommended:
puppy-proof their environment (for tips see our Life Stages section)
stabilize furniture
puppy-proof trash bins / accessible closets
daily exercise and mental stimulation (to avoid inappropriate behavior due to boredom)
Adult-specific Health Tips
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6-12 months
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Continue CORE vaccines
Distemper
Adenovirus-2
Parvovirus, +/- Parainfluenza
Rabies
Continue appropriate NONCORE vaccines
Bordetella bronchiseptica
Borrelia burgdorferi
Influenza (H3N8, H3N2)
Leptospira (4-serovar)
Consider antibody titer testing for the purpose of determining protection from infection from CDV, CPV, and CAV2. The frequency of antibody testing should be based on clinical judgement but is reasonable to perform antibody testing at least as often as the interval or booster vaccination.
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Year-round control for heartworm
Year-round control for fleas and ticks
Year-round control for intestinal parasites
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Young Adult
Fecal Testing: 1 - 4 times/yr based on use of preventive product and lifestyle
Tick-borne disease: Annually
Heartworm: Annually
CBC: Consider for initial baseline
Chemistry: Consider the minimum panel for initial baseline
Urinalysis: Consider orthopedic radiographic screening for large-breed dogs
Imaging: consider orthopedic radiographic screening for large-breed dogs
Mature Adult
Fecal Testing: 1 - 4 times/yr based on use of preventive product and lifestyle
Tick-borne disease: Annually
Heartworm: Annually
CBC: Annually
Chemistry: Minimum annually (consider comprehensive)
Urinalysis: Annually
Senior-specific Health Tips
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6-12 months
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Continue CORE vaccines
Distemper
Adenovirus-2
Parvovirus, +/- Parainfluenza
Rabies
Continue appropriate NONCORE vaccines
Bordetella bronchiseptica
Borrelia burgdorferi
Influenza (H3N8, H3N2)
Leptospira (4-serovar)
Consider antibody titer testing for the purpose of determining protection from infection from CDV, CPV, and CAV2. The frequency of antibody testing should be based on clinical judgement but is reasonable to perform antibody testing at least as often as the interval or booster vaccination.
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Year-round control for heartworm
Year-round control for fleas and ticks
Year-round control for intestinal parasites
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Fecal Testing: 1 - 4 times/yr based on use of preventive product and lifestyle
Tick-borne disease: Annually
Heartworm: Annually
CBC: Every 6 - 12 months
Chemistry: Comprehensive every 6–12 months
Urinalysis: Every 6 - 12 months
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Declined mobility, vision, hearing, and cognition may need improvements to their environment:
traction on floors and stairs
minimize need for stair-climbing
declutter environment